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Distributed system: Concurrency Independed failure No global time Communication delay Incosistance state MOM (Message Oriented Middleware) Гарантированная доставка Хранение Проигрование Кэширование сообщений Подписка (Publish/Subscribe) Посылка сообщений синхронная асинхронная Распространение сообщений Unicast/Broadcast/Multicast Топология сети по которой передаются сообщения Spanned tree с заданным корнем без заданного корня Flooding problems Dynamic routings (востановление при сбоях) single source FIFO ordering casually ordering etc Buffered Message Passing Unbuffered Message Passing Message passing semantics at-least-once exactly once peer group client-server group diffusion group (message send to all clients and servers) hierarchical group Group membership discovery/advertizing Write-update Write-invalidate Unbound Bound-to-host Bound-to-server Delivery Semantics Single (to one of members) K-delivery (to K members) Quorum (to quorum number of members) Atomic (all current members receive or none) Response Semantics No responses Single response Majority response Total response Message ordering No ordering FIFO ordering Causal ordering Total ordering Multicast problems lost message fail stop Total ordered multicast, based on logical ring Securing Reliability Integrity No Duplicates Nonfaulty Liveness посылаем broadcast - все получили Faulty Liveness Leader Election например того у кого будем получать сообщения TODO: Producer/Consumers queues with synchronization Sequentially consistent shared memory Time managements время идет на каждой ноде по разному использование времени physical clocks logical clocks (of processor) vector clocks синхронизация времени Fault-toulerant consensus Messages RPC Distributed Objects (DCOM, CORBA) Clusters Grid computing Load Balancing and Scheduling Common problems Endian